An Reflection Of My Personal Experience - 1313 Words

Intuition is defined as a direct perception of truth or fact, independent of any reasoning process. (Dictionary.com). Also known as a keen or quick insight, many people say that women, especially mothers and wives have great intuition and will often know when something is wrong before anyone tells them. This is intuition by definition, however, from a biblical standpoint intuition is very much like spiritual discernment. For those that are gifted with both, intuition and spiritual discernment you can pretty much take what they say to the bank, it will happen or has happened just like they said it would. In my personal experience, I work with a lot of women on a day to day basis. In my particular ministry scope I help hurting women, particularly those that have been rejected or wounded in some way. Some of these women have been hurt deeply and must be handled with great care in order for me not to lose their trust, or hurt them further. I have found I have to lean hard on intuition wh en I hear their stories so that I know how to minister to them. I also have to realize that not every story I am told is true. By prayer, discernment and intuition, I am led in the right direction to help each person. In ministry it is critical not to be moved by emotions, yours or the persons you are helping. Emotions will often lead you astray. The wise in heart are called prudent, understanding, and knowing, and winsome speech increases learning (in both speaker and listener). UnderstandingShow MoreRelatedPersonal Reflection : My Personal Experience1625 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause it is so easy to become tangled in our worries, stress, and busy schedules. Reflection can differ depending on the individual. For example, reflection to one individual can be accomplished through attending mass and having time to pray to God. For another individual, reflection could consist of participating in meditation or yoga. No matter how it is done it can be beneficial to one’s health a nd well-being. Reflection consists of taking time to carefully think and so it is necessary to make timeRead MoreA Reflection On My Personal Experience1390 Words   |  6 PagesISS Reflection Paper I would never aspire to be king because it is much more interesting to be the king-maker. This is my informed judgment based on the sufficiency of my experience and the intrinsic value I derive from analytical and creative problem solving processes. I opine Strategic Advisor and Communicator are synonymous with my definition of â€Å"king-maker,† both roles I have experience and some success with. 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As this course moved forward from week to week, I paralleled the reading material with my work experiences. It should be noted that I have little diversity in my caseload as far as race. However, I do have diversity in my caseload to do with life circumstances. These circumstancesRead MorePersonal Reflection : My Educational Experience1407 Words   |  6 Pages Education My educational experience is one amazing thing I would never forget. My parents gave me an experience of a lifetime that I would never let go and continue to expand. It was a gift of a great education I could have tossed away but instead I took advantage of it and it expanded my intellect and made me more independent. As a young girl my parents always told me, they wanted a great educational experience for me. They said no matter what it took to get me into good schools, to have a greatRead MorePersonal Reflections of My Experience as Operational Manager2662 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Executive Summary This journal is an insight on my thoughts and experiences and my own reflection of operations management and the topics in which we have looked at in both lectures and my interactive workshops. In this journal I will cover the following: †¢ My own experiences in relation to operations management †¢ A reflection on what I have learned in both lectures and tutorials †¢ A reflection on the extra material that we had access to from moodle. Week 1: 30th January Lecture: DuringRead MoreReflection Of A Reflective Leadership Retreats1084 Words   |  5 Pagesand sharing. Collective conversations addressed both the assigned readings, as well as application of the lessons to personal, professional, and spiritual settings. We experienced what Walters (2006) considered the essence of retreats, which is to â€Å"have conversations with each other about things that are important†¦individually and collectively† (p. 22) Reflection on Retreat Experience Accustomed to a world inundated with technology, constant motion, and noise, spending a sustained period of time inRead MoreReporting Studying senior social science subjects was the most influential factor which provided a1600 Words   |  7 PagesReporting Studying senior social science subjects was the most influential factor which provided a wonderful opportunity to discover my abilities and develop skills and confidence in critical thinking and systematic research processes. Especially, getting an A+ for a psychology report assignment and genuinely enjoying the process have given me a sense of competence in performing similar tasks such as planning and conducting experiments, analysing results, and evaluating research processes. AfterRead More1. Introduction. Reflective Practice Is A Key Part Of Working1646 Words   |  7 Pagesintrinsically linked; a clinician learns through examining experiences (Bolton, 2010). It encourages an appropriate amount of autonomy while also ensuring accountability (Tarrant, 2013). Tarrant also describes the importance of reflection for professional and personal values, and how and why a clinician does something, rather than just what is done. Development may even be hindered if reflection does not tak e place. The impact of reflection can be significant; as understanding increases so does theRead MoreReflective Writing1241 Words   |  5 PagesHow do I . . . Write a Reflection? Why reflective writing? Reflection offers you the opportunity to consider how your personal experiences and observations shape your thinking and your acceptance of new ideas. Professors often ask students to write reading reflections. They do this to encourage you to explore your own ideas about a text, to express your opinion rather than summarise the opinions of others. Reflective writing can help you to improve your analytical skills because it requires

Measuring Public Ratings’ Impact on Financial Condition Free Essays

string(91) " also affects its financial condition in terms of its liquidity, solvency and stock value\." MEASURING PUBLIC RATINGS’ IMPACT ON FINANCIAL CONDITION OF MASS MEDIA COMPANIES IN THE PHILIPPINES: AN ANONYMOUS RELATIONSHIP A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the College of Business, Economics, Accountancy and Management De La Salle Lipa In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Business Management Major in Financial Management by Macatangay, Gladys Maralit, Joshua Montes, Jose Miguel Salute, Niel Patrick Acknowledged by Winnie D. Dimaano Thesis Adviser ABSTRACT This study will aim to recognize the significant relationship of Public ratings/ media ratings to the subject mass media companies’ (ABS-CBN, GMA Network) financial condition and stock market performance for the years 2009-2011. The purpose of the study is to determine the companies’ public ratings/ media ratings for the years 2009-2011, to assess if there is a significant relationship between public ratings/ media ratings and the companies’ financial condition and stock market performance and to determine if public ratings/ media ratings have a significant effect on the companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Measuring Public Ratings’ Impact on Financial Condition or any similar topic only for you Order Now The public ratings/ media ratings will be gathered online through the websites of AGB Nielsen Philippines and Kantar Media. The researchers will be using secondary data collection technique in gathering information regarding the present study. The researchers will also use correlational research design to analyze the data. Descriptive design will also be used in the study. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii DEDICATION iii LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES iv LIST OF APPENDICES v Chapter 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Introduction 4 Statement of the problem 5 Operational Framework6 Hypothesis7 Research Objectives 7 Significance of the Study 8 Scope and Limitation 9 Definition of Terms10 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Related Literature 11 Related Studies12 Synthesis 14 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design 15 Respondents of the Study16 Locale of the Study16 Research Tools and Instruments16 Data Gathering Procedure17 Data Analysis and Interpretation17 BIBLIOGRAPHY20 APPENDICES Chapter 1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, statement of research objectives, significance of the study and the scope and limitations of the study. Introduction In the Philippines, one of the most influential systems of the society is media. Thus, this makes it one of the systems that the public knows the most and is familiar of. However, despite its familiarity, there are only few who are curious of how public ratings and public relations affect these companies’ financial condition in terms of its liquidity, solvency and stock value; and perhaps in the long run how it affects its profitability and revenue. In the past years, there have been two dominant Mass Media companies that are almost at par in terms of revenue in the country; The Alto Broadcasting System – Chronicle Broadcasting Network popularly known as ABS-CBN and the GMA Network (GMA), commonly signified to as â€Å"Kapuso Network†. These are major commercial television network in the Philippines owned and operated by the publicly traded Filipino media conglomerates. Public Ratings, in general has always been a part of these Mass Media companies’ way of showing their dominance over another and thus, the proponents came to an idea that perhaps public ratings have a significant effect on these companies financial condition and profitability ratio. The fact that these companies even spend large amounts of money to pay other market research companies to conduct a survey amongst the public is enough reason for the researchers to conduct a study about it. In general when conducting a study about Financial Management, it is common to have a study about the financial condition of a certain business or company concentrating only on one aspect of the company which is its financial statement. However, in this study the researchers would like to showcase the impact of public ratings to the financial condition of Mass Media companies in terms of its liquidity, solvency, and stock value and to prove if there is a significant relationship between these variables; as well as on its profitability ratio. Statement of the Problem This study will aim to recognize the significant relationship between mass media companies’ public ratings and financial condition from the year 2009 to 2011 here in the Philippines. The purpose of the study is to answer the following questions: 1. What are the public ratings of the two mass media companies in the years 2009-2011? 2. What are the companies’ financial condition/ performance in terms of: a. Return on Assetsb. Return on Equityc. Return on Investments 3. What is the Stock Market Performance/ Stock price of ABS- CBN and GMA network for the period 2009- 2011? 4. Is there a significant relationship between the companies’ public ratings and financial condition for the years 2009 to 2011? 5. What is the effect of public ratings to the media companies’ profitability and stock price performance? Operational Framework Hypothesis Ho1: There is a significant relationship between the media companies’ public ratings and financial condition. Ho2: Public ratings have a direct effect to the media companies’ stock market performance. Research Objectives It specifically aims to attain the following objectives: 1. Determine the public ratings of the two mass media companies in the years 2009-2011. 2. Determine the companies’ profitability ratios in terms of: a. Return on Assetsb. Return on Equityc. Return on Investments 3. Determine the Stock Market Performance/ Stock price of ABS- CBN and GMA network for the period 2009- 2011. 4. Determine if there is a significant relationship between the companies’ public ratings and financial condition for the years 2009-2011. . Determine the effect of public ratings to the companies’ profitability ratio. Significance of the Study This study will be useful to numbers of sectors including the public, investors, brokers and traders, faculty, students and future researchers. For the publicThis study may introduce the value of public ratings to the public and may give them the idea that good public ratings does not only affect the media companies’ popula rity or fame and its influence, but it also affects its financial condition in terms of its liquidity, solvency and stock value. You read "Measuring Public Ratings’ Impact on Financial Condition" in category "Essay examples" For the investors This study is beneficial to the investors for they can have an additional basis in analyzing the past and the current financial condition of the media company they wish to invest at. The media companies’ public ratings would also help them analyze the which company profits more and which company gives greater opportunity for investment growth and diversification. For the brokers and tradersThis study is beneficial to the brokers and traders for they can have an additional basis in analyzing the companies financial health in terms of its liquidity, solvency and stock value. Thus, giving them basis for investment. For the facultyThe result of this study is beneficial for the professors to have a deeper understanding about what public ratings can really do to affect the financial condition of a certain company especially companies who directly concentrates on media usage for profitability. For the financial management students The result of this study is beneficial for them to learn more about the effect of public ratings which is commonly seen only as a basis for popularity. They can use it as a reference or guide to their study to further understand the factors that may affect a company’s financial condition. For the students and future researchersThe result of this study will serve as a reference to their finance courses. This will be useful to them by providing them essential details necessary in conducting their related studies. Scope and Limitations The study will focus on the significant relationship of public ratings to the financial condition of media companies in the Philippines in terms of liquidity, solvency and stock value. Specifically, the study will focus on public relations which may directly affect the public ratings of these media companies. Primary sources will be gathered by the researchers by visiting university libraries, reading articles and researches that are related to the study. Secondary resources will be also gathered via internet and finance websites These resources will prove that public relations have a significant relationship with public ratings. Furthermore, in determining the significant relationship between the variables (public ratings, liquidity, solvency and stock value), comparative analysis will be used. In order for comparative analysis to be done, the researchers gathered financial statements of both media companies from years 2009- 2011. The researchers also gathered the public ratings of these media companies that were gathered by market research companies that each media company has hired (Nielsen ratings and Kantar Media). Furthermore, the stock value for each company will be gathered. Definition of Terms Public Ratings Refers to media ratings issued by AGB Nielsen and Kantar Media market research firms in the Philippines that rate the subject corporations’ overall television viewer ratings. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This chapter presented literature reviews related to the study. The section presents the writing of different personalities both foreign and local conducted by the proponents during their research which have been beneficial to the study. It involves reference materials and detailed facts stated by few people and pioneer in the field of investment that will serve as the foundation for sorting out and solving problems that may be encountered in the development of the proposed study. Literature and studies presented in this study contained information, concepts, and findings that were contributory and fitting for the selection and development of the theoretical framework of the study. Synthesis was also created based from the gathered information and facts in literature and studies. Related Literature Public relations is now recognized as an important tool of management in production, distribution, and finance. â€Å"To have the people in your ommunity think well of you and your company, to win a measure of acceptance on the part of certain special publics, and lastly, as you devoutly hope, to gain some degree of recognition on the part of the general public. † is what media companies should do to gain better and more effective relations with the public. Related studies According to a book of Romeo P. Virtusio entitled â€Å"How to make it in PR: PR Veterans Tell Their Stories (2007),† Public Relations has a significant effect on Public ratings also known as media ratings. In this article the author emphasized that Public Relations is a significant asset to a company’s Public Ratings. The article also showed that there are long run relationships between the two, both directly affects each other progressively. A study conducted by a group of students from De La Salle University Taft entitled â€Å"Public Relations Firms in the Philippines and Their Life Cycle (2009),† explained that PR bears distinguishing marks for a company’s life as â€Å"failures† and â€Å"survivors. The study mentioned that Public Ratings can seriously affect a company’s orientation or leadership profile, vision, client management, financial management, preferences for innovation, and risk- taking propensity. Public Relation firms equally keep pace with the dynamic market and other forces to recognize the stage of decline which can trigger their demise, as in the case of defunct firms, and steer well through the known external environment/ publi c. This study also elaborated further the real effects of Public Ratings to companies. The operating relations firms are the survivors. They keep pace with the dynamic market and other forces in the known external environment, They keep abreast of their organizational life cycle by means of organizational blueprints for updates, interest in cultural orientation and judicious application of technological changes. Adaptation through selection is resorted to by the firms, so that alignment with the very satisfactory if not excellent business performance can be attained, to assure themselves of longer life cycle. It is in this regard that the applicability of the â€Å"Stewardship Theory† in management could be tested. The firms survive on the strength of their organization, systems and structures and competencies alone, which can prolong their life cycle. But even the masterful application of innovative management orientation and well- plotted strategy, which combines entrepreneurial orientation and stewardship, the resultant business performance still serve as a significant determinant of their life cycle. The â€Å"failed† firms are those whose management took for granted or ignored the essential requirements for a healthy and robust business concern. Deviations from the factors of entrepreneurial orientation and stewardship, and control of elements in the internal and external environments, generally lead to failures. An article written by Oscar S. Villadolid emphasized that in Public Relations, knowing the culture of the market, the set of beliefs and the value systems, traditions and ways of doing things, is what makes a strategy for good PR more effective. Mass Media companies will never get high media ratings if they do not do this. Synthesis The studies and articles presented are closely related to the current study considering the different variables used. The primary focus was to determine the relationships between Public ratings also known as media ratings and the mass media companies’ financial condition. The studies presented assessed the significant relationship between public relations and public ratings. This helped in scrutinizing facts that are viable information to the completion of the study. Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHDOLOGY This chapter discusses the manner by which the study was conducted. The first portion shows the research design and the purpose of using such design. The second portion discusses the source of data and the third portion tells about the method of data analysis. It also discusses the ways in which relevant data needed for the research was collected and treated. Research Design This research paper will assess the relationship of public ratings and mass media companies found in the Philippines in terms of their profitability ratios mainly focusing on the companies’ return on assets, return on equity and return on investments for the years 2009 to 2011. The study will also focus on the companies’ financial condition that would help evaluate their performance in terms of solvency, liquidity and stock value. The study will use descriptive research design in order to analyze the relationship of selected mass media companies in the Philippines. Likewise, the correlational research design will be used to determine the impact of public ratings on the variables that were presented for the years 2009 to 2011. Respondents of the Study The subjects of the study would be the mass media companies specifically ABS-CBN and GMA Network that are listed under the Philippines stock market. Locale of the Study The study will be conducted in the Philippines specifically in Manila where the subjects are currently situated. Research Tools and Instruments The data that will be used for this study will be the public ratings posted by the market research companies hired to assess the ratings of ABS-CBN and GMA Network. Likewise, it shall use secondary data such as Financial Statement and Stock market performance. In order to assess the relationship between the variables mentioned, the researchers will gather the Financial Statements of these media companies for the years 2009 to 2011. Data Gathering Procedure The mass media companies’ data about profitability ratio and financial condition will be gathered through the use of information and communications technology by surfing the internet and researching through world-wide web. In addition, other data that will be used in this study will be collected through the references coming from the Library of the De La Salle University located at Taft mostly in the General collection and Periodical section. The researchers will also use secondary data collection technique in gathering information about the study. Secondary data will be derived from journal articles, manual/handbook and magazines as well as in the different educational, governmental and organizational websites for some related information about public ratings and mass media companies. Secondary data will also be obtained from related studies conducted for academic purposes. Data Analysis and Interpretation The researchers will analyze the data through the use of different methods for research. To test the relationship between the mass media companies’ public ratings, profitability ratio and financial condition, the correlational research design will be used. Moreover, the regression research design will be used to analyze and compare the financial statements of the media companies and their respective public ratings for the years 2009 to 2011. Descriptive design was also used in the study. Correlation analyses will be done to determine if significant relationship among the variables used in the study is present. The strength of the relationship among the variable will be interpreted using the following correlation equivalents: Table 1 Interpretation of Correlation Coefficient Values Correlation Coefficient Value |Interpretation | |0 to 0. 10 |No correlation | |. 11 to . 30 |Weak correlation | |. 31 to . 50 |Moderate correlation | |. 1 to . 30 |Strong correlation | |. 71 to . 99 |Very strong correlation | The formula to be used will be: [pic] Where: n= number of pairs x, y are the number of the variables to assessed. Bibliography Romeo Virtusio P. 2007. How to make it in PR: PR Veterans tell their Stories. Filipino Book of Public Relation s: 65-78. Branka Bugariska. 2013. Measuring Media Impact on Reputation: The Case of Telecommunication Companies in Macedonia. (available online:http://www. slideshare. net) Oscar Villadolid S, J. J Calero. 2007. How we dealt with Media. Filipino Book of Public Relations: 79-84. Davies, Gary et al. 2003. Corporate Reputation Management: The Key to Successful Public Relations and Corporate Communications. In: European Management Journal Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 201-212, April 2003 Doorley, John and Garcia, Helio Fred. 2007. Reputation Management: The Key to Successful Public Relations and Corporate Communications. New York ,NY, USA: Routledge, Taylor Francis Group. How to cite Measuring Public Ratings’ Impact on Financial Condition, Essay examples

Survival Guide free essay sample

Another useful link in the Loops arsenal is there library; here you can find Peer Reviewed and non-Peer Reviewed literature. When navigating through the library you will find Encyclopedias, Dictionaries, links to Multimedia, Country Profiles and Economic Data to name a few How personal competencies and work go together My strongest dimension on the personality spectrum believe is my never ending ambition to keep going; my drive is what has kept me at my current rarer when others have lost their jobs and has helped prove that I deserve the role I currently am carrying.This has always helped me to make an impression on employers. It helps me sit down and figure things out on my own when I did not have anyone else to help me. It has taught me that you can do anything that you put your mind too Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives. We will write a custom essay sample on Survival Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page -? Will A. Foster There is nothing which rots morale more quickly and more completely than the feeling that those in authority do not know their own minds.. -? Lionel Crick, Harvard Business Review 1956 My only objective is to isolate your stupidity. David A. J. Saxons, The Management Mutterers Academic Honesty [Pick] All academic institutions have a Plagiarism clause to prevent students from cheating. Wisped (2013) writes that plagiarism can be described as, Academic dishonesty has been documented in most every type of educational setting from elementary school to graduate school. Throughout history this type of dishonesty has been met with varying degrees of approbation.Today, those who are a part of an educated society tend to take a very negative view of academic dishonesty (Academic Dishonesty). The POP has a great link for you to check to make sure that you have placed all you citations in the correct form, I have used this at least twice a week since learned of its where a bouts and function. Taking it all in When trying to retain and comprehend your academic literature would suggest taking easy to read or short version notes. If you are not good at taking notes a method learned that seems to help is the SIR method.The SIR teaches you to Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review what you are reading. When you survey you should be pulling boiled words and then reading around that, question anything that does not make sense to you and keep doing so till it does, reading after the above Steps should help bring thing to light, reciting or ready out loud he lps you retain information that you may not have previously, and reviewing the information is the most important part of this method. Time Management According to Great Inspirational Quotes (2012), The first thing you need to do before you even begin to manage your time is to get in touch with what you really want from life. Wendy Hear (Motivational Time Management Quotes I thought this quote was perfect for this guide because you cannot do anything without knowing what the end game is. Some ideas on how to help you manage your time can be to make, To Do Lists. I would separate them into two lists, list one being labeled What needs to get done and the second list labeled, What would be nice to get done.

Privatization of Health Care System in Canada Essay Example

Privatization of Health Care System in Canada Paper Arguments both for and against the privatisation of Canada’s health care are plentiful. There is evidence by looking at any Canadian newspaper, television news program, or news oriented website on the Internet. Election polls consistently rank health care as Canadian voter’s number one concern (Wickens, 2000, 26). Reasons for supporting a two-tier system include reducing line-ups in the so called â€Å"cash? strapped† system (Fennell, 1996, 54), and to allow Canadian doctors a financially viable alternative to the United States by presenting the option to set your own wages as well as the luxury of more flexible working hours. Supporters of the blended private? public system insist that privatisation is required to advance technology and decline government budgets (Vanagas, 1995, 24). However, those worried about a change in the way this country delivers its health care feel a two-tier system would be â€Å"unCanadian† (26). In this paper I will attempt to discover for the positives and negatives of an implementation of a two? tier health care system in my home province of New Brunswick as well as the rest of Canada. Two? tier health care can be simply defined as a health care plan that will allow for a private or for? We will write a custom essay sample on Privatization of Health Care System in Canada specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Privatization of Health Care System in Canada specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Privatization of Health Care System in Canada specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer profit system to operate along side Medicare (Marshall, 200, 48). The system will allow the opportunity for those people who are willing to pay for health care to do just that. Ideally, it will take pressure off the current Medicare system by shortening waiting lists and generating revenue. The form of two-tier being proposed in New Brunswick involves a private system that will operate parallel to the current public system and will allow people to purchase private insurance if so desired (Deber et al, 1999, 539? 43). Some politicians like to define two? tier health care in different terms. BC Health Minister Paul Ramsey says, â€Å"I cannot think of a clearer definition of a two? tier health system than having one set of services available to those who have large bank accounts and can afford to just go to it and another public system for the rest of us. † This politician is obviously voicing his negative opinion of the proposed system by constructing this biased definition. I believe politicians try to appeal to voters by voicing emotional tirades about proposed alternatives to Medicare. Dr. Edwin Coffey, a past president of the Quebec Medical Association and a well-known supporter of two tier health care explains the system in this way, â€Å"In a parallel, non-competitive health insurance system, everyone pays into the universal public system also has the option of paying for private health insurance. † Before presenting the arguments that push for the implementation of a two-tier system, there is evidence that two-tier health care already exists in this country. Dr. Coffey brings to our attention that, â€Å"thanks to money, connections, influence, geographic location, level of intelligence, and availability of highly trained physicians and up-to-date technology, (some) get served first or better. † A good example of this already existing two-tier health care is the ironic case of Allan Rock, the present Federal Minister of Health. It is suspected that Rock was able to use his influence, whether directly or indirectly, to speed his wait to receive treatment. Another example supporting this theory is how our health system takes full advantage of a private system by paying and insuring â€Å"medically necessary† services such as physiotherapy, MRI tests, massage therapy, etc. (Deber et al, 1999, 539). Why is there so much controversy hovering around this issue now? Is there an alarming trend that is occurring that is making our government nervous about the integrity and stability of our health care system? Or are people beginning to notice a subtle emerge of private health care into our system? There is evidence to suggest both hypotheses. To support the latter you have to look no further than Bill 11. The controversial bill was passed in May 2000 in the province of Alberta to set new standards for private clinics by allowing publicly funded minor surgeries to be contracted to them (Palmer, The Edmonton Sun, 2001). With a passing of a bill like this I can see why some people might suspect that a trend toward two-tier is beginning. Actually, since 1975, health care purchased privately has reached above 28 per cent from less than 24 per cent (Fennell 54). You do not have to research for very long to realize that our system is riddled with problems. Our government is struggling to save money that is being spent on Medicare. Since 1993, 6,000 hospital beds have been closed across the country (54). In Ontario, health care funding has been cut from $707 million to $407 million (Turner, 1999, 13). There is also the problem regarding a doctor shortage. A recent college paper has indicated the decline of family physicians (FP’s) in the province of Ontario (Sibbald, 1999, 561). The report explains that in 1980, about one thousand doctors became FP’s in the province of Ontario, in 1997, only 187 moved into this field. I believe a private system would make it more appealing to a young medical student to practice in Canada where they will be able to set their own wages, their own hours, and other benefits seen in private clinics. Finally, there is growing concern among the people of this country about the stability and integrity of our health care system. This was clear in a 2000 MacLean’s conducted poll, which revealed for the second year in a row that the issue of health care is the main concern of Canadians (Marshall, 2000, 48). An article in the British Medical Journal revealed that the percentage of Canadians satisfied with the health care system dropped from 56 per cent to 20 per cent between 1987 and 1997(Spurgeon, 2000, 1295). There are many problems plaguing our current health care system among them waiting lists seem to be a major concern among Canadians. A survey reported in an article in the Canadian Medical Association Journal (Sanmartin et al, 2000, 1305), claimed that almost two-thirds of those surveyed felt that waiting times for surgery had grown over the previous 12 months, and half felt that access to specialists had become more difficult. Daniel Doyle, a cardiovascular surgeon from Laval University described how patients are dying while on waiting lists for bypass surgery. This was reiterated by an article in Canadian Business (Turner, 1999, 13), which described the unfortunate death of a 59-year-old Toronto machinist who died of a heart attack while waiting for an angiogram. An angiogram is a test done to determine if a heart condition is present. Also in this article it is apparent that doctor’s concerns are rising dramatically. I feel that waiting lists will be reduced if people have an alternate parallel system to seek their health care. There is also some concern among doctors that their ability to provide quality health care in this country is reduced because of our system. This was demonstrated in the case of Dr. Jacques Chaoulli, a FP in the province of Quebec. His case was reported in a 1999 article in the Canadian Medical Association Journal by Susan Pinker. He has created a mobile emergency room in a van that is equipped with an X-ray machine, a darkroom, a portable electrocardiograph, intravenous equipment as well as other medical equipment. His plan was to charge people for his emergency medical care. However, under the Quebec Health Care Act, it is illegal for him to sell his private medical service. In pure Hippocratic Oath style, Chaoulli has retorted, â€Å"I have a duty to provide a good service to my patients. No one should interfere. No one should block me when I want to help my patients and alleviate their pain. † Embedded in the Hippocratic Tradition is Percival’s Code of 1803 which describes the duty a physician must fulfil to benefit the patient (Veatch, 2000, 6). It seems that because of the current health care system, Chaoulli feels that he is being prevented to completely fulfil his duty to benefit the patient. By allowing the doctors the option to work in a private health care setting, we are allowing them more of an option to fully benefit their patients by removing the confines of long waiting lists and legal issues about the degree of health care they can provide (I. E. , providing a medical emergency van which would be extremely useful to those people confined to their homes). There is evidence that private health care already exists to some extent in this country. Former president of the Canadian Medical Association, Judith Kazimirski explains, â€Å"We are allowing passive private medicine to move in . . . in an unregulated and unplanned way. † This statement was made in 1996, and only Bill 11 passed in Alberta is all the significant action that has taken place. I believe that if something is introduced into society laws and regulations must be placed on it. For example a new drug finds its way into our society, it has healing powers but if used in alternate ways, it is a very appealing recreational drug. It would be expected that laws would be put into place to help regulate its use. The above mentions notions are ones that paint the possibility of a Two-Tiered system in a positive light. There are however, many countervailing arguments on this topic. Firstly it is the argument of whether or not we are morally obligated to prevent the transition of health into a buyable commodity. People feel that it is unfair to profit from vulnerable families or individuals when they are ill (Weir, The Telegraph Journal, 2001). People also see the danger in health care becoming a commodity with risk of costs going up and up just to see what the market will stand. Another argument is one, which is bounded in the legalities of the Canada Health Act (1984). The claim is, the Act was explicitly designed to prevent the birth of a two-tier system (Shortt, 2000, 1291). The Canada Health Act (1984) is based on five words: pubically administrated, comprehensiveness, universality, equality, and portability (Kluge, 1999, 48). Kluge argues that part of the foundation of the Act is prevention of the ability to pay to improve your access to health care. The argument exists that private clinics by symbolizing inequality are not following the principle of universality in the Canada Health Act (1984), (Vanagas, 1995, 24). However, arguments to help defend against this stand are quite present. Most notably, an article included in the Kluge text written by John K. Iglehart. He makes comparisons between the Canadian health care system and systems used in the US and UK. Firstly what needs to be acknowledged here is the tremendous pride many Canadians take in our health care system. Al Yarr, a retired physical education professor in Halifax says that, â€Å"Our health care system is one of the things that make Canada great†. Iglehart replies to this â€Å"romantic† idea of a health care system making your country great by explaining how the system is outdated and is not able to cope with rising costs. He points out that: In the face of a large deficit, the national government continues to reduce its financial commitment to the plans; patients and practitioners are demanding access to the latest forms of medical technology; the supply of physicians continues to increase at a rate out-stripping the growth of the population; and doctors are restive as provinces work more aggressively to stem the rise in health expenditures. Another countervailing argument that has been documented is the inability of a two-tier system to reduce waiting lists. As well, the question of whether there really is a waiting list problem in our country. Studies published between 1996 and 1998 reported no significant increase in waiting time for most surgical procedures (Spurgeon, 2000, 1295). Another argument I have come across, is the possibility that a private sector will have the capacity to drain talent from the public sector (Marshall, 2000, 48). Is there a possibility that there could be regulations put in place to reduce the chance of a trend like this occurring? For example, perhaps a doctor must work for so long in the public sector before being able to earn the â€Å"right† to work in the private sector. Throughout the articles I have researched those are the main countervailing arguments. That is to say, they appeared most throughout the articles. In conclusion, I would like to state that when I took on this topic I was relatively impartial. I have always considered myself quite conservative and naturally envisioned myself writing a paper opposed to a proposed two-tier health care system in this country. As I continued reading articles, I realized that many of the arguments against such a system were lacking. Several were based on the idea of making our country a wonderful place to live. I realized now that there is nothing great about a health care system that is not financially viable in the ever-increasing technology base health care society we are now emerged.